On January 4, 2021, the Central African Republic (CAR) opened a judicial inquiry into former President Francois Bozize, accusing him of plotting a coup before the December 27, 2020, elections. Public Prosecutor Laurent Lengande announced the probe, citing Bozize’s alleged role in acts of destabilization and rebellion.
Alleged Coup Attempt
On December 19, 2020, the government claimed Bozize orchestrated an attempted coup with three armed groups forming the Coalition of Patriots for Change (CPC). These rebels advanced on Bangui, but the UN peacekeeping mission, MINUSCA, halted or repelled them by December 20, ensuring civilian safety and election security.
Bozize’s Controversial Past
Bozize, 74, seized power in a 2003 coup but was ousted in 2013 by Seleka rebels, sparking sectarian violence. Exiled until his return in December 2019, he faced a 2014 arrest warrant for alleged murder and torture and UN sanctions, barring him from the 2020 election. Bozize denies the coup allegations.
Election Challenges
The December 27 elections, where President Faustin-Archange Touadera sought re-election, faced significant disruptions. Armed groups, controlling two-thirds of CAR, intimidated voters and disrupted voting in 29 of 71 sub-prefectures, with partial voting in six others. Many citizens couldn’t vote due to missing voter cards and insecurity.
Opposition Questions Legitimacy
The political opposition criticized the elections as illegitimate, citing widespread irregularities. Local leaders and UN workers reported that armed groups hindered election organization, further undermining the process. Results, expected by January 18, may lead to a February 14 runoff if no candidate wins outright.
MINUSCA’s Role
MINUSCA, with over 12,800 personnel, deployed troops to secure Bangui and other regions, countering rebel threats. The mission, operational since 2014, aims to protect civilians and support CAR’s fragile government, though it faces challenges from ongoing violence and infrastructure deficits.
Ongoing Tensions
The investigation into Bozize underscores CAR’s fragile stability. With rebels like the CPC, allegedly backed by Bozize, continuing to challenge the government, MINUSCA’s efforts remain critical to preventing further conflict and ensuring a peaceful electoral process.
